Rapid land degradation, unsustainable land use and weak land use planning (including weak rangeland management) desertification, increasing draught and decreasing vegetation cover, as well as severe climate change vulnerability, might be the crucial, dominant issues that most MENA countries have in common. Understanding that ecosystem services are not lost forever once an area and/or landscape element are degraded heavily, but that restoration measures and rehabilitation programmes can also successfully revive ecosystem services is crucial.

http://www.espconference.org/mena2018#.WlhyiqiWY2x